Непряка реч: въпроси и команди (Reported questions and commands)
Урокът показва как предаваме чужди въпроси и заповеди с непряка реч (reported speech). При въпросите словоредът става като в твърдение, без do/does/did: „Where do you live?“ става She asked me where I lived. Въпросите с отговор да/не се предават с if или whether. Командите и молбите се предават с tell/ask + обект + to + глагол, а забраните с not to. Времето обикновено се връща една стъпка назад, а думи като tomorrow и here се променят (the next day, there).
Какво да запомним
- Wh-въпрос: He asked me what I wanted. (не what did I want)
- Да/не въпрос: She asked if/whether I was tired.
- Команда: The teacher told us to close the door.
- Забрана: She told the kids not to touch the screen.
- Промени: will → would, tomorrow → the next day, this → that, here → there
Пример
„What will you do tomorrow?“ he asked. → He asked me what I would do the next day. (will става would, tomorrow става the next day, словоредът е като в твърдение.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
"Where do you live?" she asked me. → She asked me where I ___.
- live
- lived
- do live
- did live
Отговор: lived
В непряк въпрос словоредът е като в твърдение, а Present Simple става Past Simple.
"Close the door," the teacher told us. → The teacher told us ___ the door.
- close
- closing
- to close
- that we close
Отговор: to close
Команда: tell + обект + to + инфинитив.
"Are you tired?" he asked. → He asked ___ tired.
- if I was
- was I
- if was I
- that I was
Отговор: if I was
Въпрос с отговор да/не се предава с if или whether и прав словоред.
"Don't touch the screen," she said to the kids. → She told the kids ___ the screen.
- don't touch
- to not touching
- not touch
- not to touch
Отговор: not to touch
Отрицателна команда: tell + обект + not to + инфинитив.
"What will you do tomorrow?" he asked. → He asked me what ___.
- will I do tomorrow
- I would do the next day
- I will do tomorrow
- would I do the next day
Отговор: I would do the next day
Will става would, tomorrow става the next day, а словоредът е прав.
"I like this song," she said. → She said that she ___ that song.
- likes
- liked
- is liking
- has liked
Отговор: liked
Present Simple става Past Simple, а this става that.
"Please help me," he said to her. → He asked her ___ him.
- to help
- help
- helping
- that she helps
Отговор: to help
Молба: ask + обект + to + инфинитив.
Which sentence best reports this: "Why don't we go to the cinema?"
- She ordered us to go to the cinema.
- She refused to go to the cinema.
- She promised going to the cinema.
- She suggested going to the cinema.
Отговор: She suggested going to the cinema.
Why don't we...? е предложение: suggest + -ing.
"Who broke the window?" the man asked. → The man asked ___.
- who has broken the window
- who did break the window
- who had broken the window
- who had the window broken
Отговор: who had broken the window
Past Simple става Past Perfect; въпросът е за подлога и словоредът се запазва.
Which sentence is correct?
- She said me that she was tired.
- She told that she was tired.
- She told me that she was tired.
- She said to me she is tiring.
Отговор: She told me that she was tired.
Tell изисква обект (tell me), а say се използва без обект или със say to me.
'Sit down,' the teacher said to me. → The teacher told me ___ down.
- sit
- sitting
- sat
- to sit
Отговор: to sit
Командите се предават с told + обект + to + глагол.
'Do you like pizza?' he asked. → He asked ___ I liked pizza.
- that
- what
- whether
- do
Отговор: whether
Въпросите с да/не се предават с if или whether.
'Where is the station?' she asked. → She asked me where the station ___.
- is it
- was it
- was
- did
Отговор: was
В непрякия въпрос словоредът е като в твърдение и времето се връща назад.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'I'm waiting here,' she said. → She said she was waiting ___.
- here
- there
- this
- then
Отговор: there
В непряката реч here обикновено става there.
'Have you ever been to Paris?' she asked me. → She asked me if I ___ to Paris.
- have ever been
- had ever been
- was ever
- did ever go
Отговор: had ever been
Present Perfect става Past Perfect: had ever been.