Условни изречения: обобщение (Conditionals review)
Преговаряме четирите основни вида условни изречения и смесените условни. Zero conditional е за общи истини, first conditional за реална възможност в бъдещето, second conditional за нереална или малко вероятна ситуация в настоящето, а third conditional за нереално минало. В смесените условни миналото условие има последица в настоящето. Учим и unless (освен ако) и инверсията Had I known....
Какво да запомним
- Zero: If + Present Simple, Present Simple (If you heat ice, it melts.)
- First: If + Present Simple, will + глагол (If it rains, we will stay at home.)
- Second: If + Past Simple, would + глагол (If I were you, I would recycle.)
- Third: If + Past Perfect, would have + 3. форма (If we had known, we would have helped.)
- unless = if not; инверсия: Had we known = If we had known
Пример
If people had recycled more, the river wouldn't be so polluted now. (смесено условно) = Ако хората бяха рециклирали повече, реката нямаше да е толкова замърсена сега.
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
If you heat ice, it ___.
- melted
- melts
- would melt
- has melted
Отговор: melts
Нулево условно изречение за общовалидни истини: if + Present Simple, Present Simple.
If it rains tomorrow, we ___ at home.
- would stay
- stayed
- will stay
- would have stayed
Отговор: will stay
Първо условно: if + Present Simple, will + глагол за реална бъдеща възможност.
If I ___ the president, I would ban plastic bags.
- am
- will be
- had been
- were
Отговор: were
Второ условно за нереална ситуация: if + Past Simple (were), would + глагол.
If people had recycled more in the past, the river ___ so polluted now.
- wouldn't be
- won't be
- wouldn't have been
- isn't
Отговор: wouldn't be
Смесено условно: минало условие (had + V3) и настоящ резултат (would + глагол), заради 'now'.
Choose the correct third conditional sentence.
- If they would have planted trees, the floods wouldn't be so bad.
- If they had planted trees, the floods wouldn't have been so bad.
- If they had planted trees, the floods won't have been so bad.
- If they have planted trees, the floods wouldn't have been so bad.
Отговор: If they had planted trees, the floods wouldn't have been so bad.
Трето условно: if + Past Perfect, would have + V3.
If you ___ red and blue, you get purple.
- will mix
- mixed
- would mix
- mix
Отговор: mix
Нулево условно: и в двете части е Present Simple.
We will save energy if we ___ off the lights.
- turn
- will turn
- turned
- would turn
Отговор: turn
В подчиненото изречение с if при първо условно се използва Present Simple, не will.
___ we act now, the problem will get worse.
- If
- Unless
- When
- As long as
Отговор: Unless
Unless означава 'ако не': ако не действаме сега, проблемът ще се влоши.
What would you do if you ___ a lot of money?
- win
- will win
- won
- would win
Отговор: won
Второ условно: if + Past Simple, would + глагол.
Which sentence uses inversion correctly?
- Did we know about the risk, we would have acted earlier.
- We had known about the risk, we would have acted earlier.
- Have we known about the risk, we would have acted earlier.
- Had we known about the risk, we would have acted earlier.
Отговор: Had we known about the risk, we would have acted earlier.
При инверсия в трето условно if отпада и had застава пред подлога.
If you drop a glass on the floor, it ___.
- broken
- breaks
- breaking
- to break
Отговор: breaks
Zero conditional за общи истини: If + Present Simple, Present Simple.
If I had a car, I ___ you to school.
- would drive
- will drive
- drove
- drive
Отговор: would drive
Second conditional: If + Past Simple, would + глагол.
Unless you hurry, you ___ the bus.
- will miss
- missed
- would have missed
- had missed
Отговор: will miss
Unless = if not, тук е първо условно: will + глагол.
Which sentence is a first conditional?
- If it snowed, we'd ski.
- If it had snowed, we'd have skied.
- If it snows, we ski.
- If it snows, we'll ski.
Отговор: If it snows, we'll ski.
First conditional: If + Present Simple, will + глагол.
'Should you need help, call me.' means: '___ you need help, call me.'
- Unless
- Had
- Were
- If
Отговор: If
Should you need е официална инверсия на If you need.