Модални глаголи за задължение (must, have to, don't have to)
Учим модалните глаголи за задължение и забрана. Must изразява правило или задължение, което идва от говорещия или от правилник, а have to изразява задължение, наложено от обстоятелствата. Mustn't означава забрана (не бива, забранено е), докато don't have to означава, че нещо не е нужно. Тъй като must няма минало време, за миналото използваме had to, а за бъдещето will have to.
Какво да запомним
- must + глагол без to: You must wear a uniform.
- mustn't = забранено; don't have to = не е задължително
- have to се спряга: I have to, she has to; въпрос: Do you have to...? / Does she have to...?
- Минало: had to; бъдеще: will have to
- needn't = don't have to (не е нужно)
Пример
You mustn't use phones in the test, but you don't have to stay after it. = Не бива да ползвате телефони на теста, но не е задължително да оставате след него.
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
You ___ wear a uniform at our school. It's a rule.
- mustn't
- must
- don't have to
- can't
Отговор: must
Правилото е задължение, затова must.
Students ___ use phones during the test. It's forbidden.
- mustn't
- don't have to
- must
- have to
Отговор: mustn't
Mustn't изразява забрана.
It's Saturday, so I ___ get up early.
- mustn't
- must
- has to
- don't have to
Отговор: don't have to
Don't have to означава, че не е необходимо.
Yesterday we ___ stay after school to finish the project.
- must
- musted
- had to
- have to
Отговор: had to
Must няма минало време, затова използваме had to.
___ your sister have to work on Sundays?
- Do
- Does
- Has
- Must
Отговор: Does
Въпросът с have to се образува с do/does; your sister е 3 л. ед. ч.
The sign says NO SMOKING. You ___ smoke here.
- must
- don't have to
- have to
- mustn't
Отговор: mustn't
Табелата показва забрана, затова mustn't.
My brother ___ wear glasses to read.
- have to
- must to
- has to
- haves to
Отговор: has to
С he/she/it използваме has to.
You ___ bring food. There will be lots at the party.
- mustn't
- don't have to
- must
- has to
Отговор: don't have to
Не е необходимо да носиш храна, затова don't have to.
Which sentence is correct?
- We will have to study hard next year.
- We will must study hard next year.
- We must to study hard next year.
- We musted study hard next year.
Отговор: We will have to study hard next year.
Must няма бъдеще време, затова will have to.
'You needn't come' means the same as:
- You mustn't come.
- You must come.
- You can't come.
- You don't have to come.
Отговор: You don't have to come.
Needn't означава, че няма нужда, както don't have to.
You must ___ your homework.
- to do
- doing
- does
- do
Отговор: do
След must стои глагол без to: must do.
___ we have to bring our books tomorrow?
- Do
- Does
- Must
- Are
Отговор: Do
Въпрос с have to и we: Do we have to...?
'You mustn't run in the corridor' means:
- It is not necessary.
- It is not allowed.
- It is a good idea.
- It is possible.
Отговор: It is not allowed.
Mustn't изразява забрана.
Which sentence with 'must' is correct?
- She musts study.
- She must to study.
- She must study.
- She has must study.
Отговор: She must study.
Must не се променя по лица и е без to: She must study.
Which question is correct?
- Did you had to wait long?
- Had you to wait long?
- Do you had to wait long?
- Did you have to wait long?
Отговор: Did you have to wait long?
Минало с have to: Did + have to.