Страдателен залог: всички времена (Passive voice)
Урокът обяснява страдателния залог (Passive voice) във всички основни времена. Той се образува с подходящата форма на глагола be + трето причастие (V3) и се използва, когато е важно действието или резултатът, а не кой го е извършил. Извършителят, ако се споменава, се въвежда с by. Учениците упражняват превръщане на изречения от деятелен в страдателен залог.
Какво да запомним
- Формула: be (във времето на изречението) + V3.
- Present: is/are spoken; Past: was/were painted; Present Perfect: has/have been sent.
- Continuous: is being built, was being cleaned; Future: will be announced.
- Извършителят се въвежда с by: The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.
- Someone has stolen my bike. : My bike has been stolen.
Пример
A new bridge is being built in our town at the moment. (В момента в нашия град се строи нов мост.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
English ___ in many countries.
- is spoken
- speaks
- is speaking
- spoke
Отговор: is spoken
Present Simple passive: am/is/are + минало причастие.
The Mona Lisa ___ by Leonardo da Vinci.
- painted
- was painted
- is painting
- has painted
Отговор: was painted
Past Simple passive: was/were + минало причастие.
A new bridge ___ in our town at the moment.
- is built
- has built
- is building
- is being built
Отговор: is being built
Present Continuous passive: is/are + being + причастие.
Thousands of emails ___ since this morning.
- have sent
- have been sent
- were sending
- are sent
Отговор: have been sent
Present Perfect passive: have/has + been + причастие.
The results ___ next week.
- will announce
- will been announced
- will be announced
- would announce
Отговор: will be announced
Future passive: will + be + минало причастие.
This cake ___ by my grandmother yesterday.
- is made
- makes
- was made
- made
Отговор: was made
Yesterday изисква Past Simple passive: was made.
Cars ___ in this factory.
- are produced
- produce
- are producing
- produced
Отговор: are produced
Колите не произвеждат, те се произвеждат: are produced.
The thief ___ by the police yet.
- hasn't caught
- didn't catch
- isn't catching
- hasn't been caught
Отговор: hasn't been caught
С yet ползваме Present Perfect; крадецът не е хванат: hasn't been caught.
When I arrived, the room ___.
- was being cleaned
- was cleaning
- has been cleaned
- is cleaned
Отговор: was being cleaned
Past Continuous passive: was/were + being + причастие.
Change into the passive: 'Someone has stolen my bike.'
- My bike has stolen.
- My bike has been stolen.
- My bike was being stolen.
- My bike is stolen by someone.
Отговор: My bike has been stolen.
Present Perfect passive; извършителят (someone) се пропуска, защото е неизвестен.
Rice ___ in China.
- grows
- is growing
- is grown
- grown
Отговор: is grown
Present Simple passive: is/are + V3. Rice is grown in China.
The telephone ___ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
- invented
- is invented
- has invented
- was invented
Отговор: was invented
Past Simple passive: was/were + V3; извършителят се въвежда с by.
The homework must ___ by Monday.
- be finished
- finish
- be finishing
- been finished
Отговор: be finished
After a modal verb the passive is be + V3: must be finished.
When we arrived, the tickets ___ already ___.
- have / been sold
- had / been sold
- had / sold
- were / being sold
Отговор: had / been sold
Past Perfect passive: had been + V3. The tickets were sold before we arrived.
Choose the passive of 'People say that he is rich.'
- He says to be rich.
- He is saying to be rich.
- He is said to be rich.
- He is said being rich.
Отговор: He is said to be rich.
Impersonal passive: subject + is said + to-infinitive.