Наука и технологии

Научни открития

1. Who discovered penicillin?

   • Isaac Newton
   • Alexander Fleming
   • Charles Darwin
   • Thomas Edison

   Отговор: Alexander Fleming

   Флеминг открива пеницилина през 1928 г.

2. What do we call a new thing that someone creates for the first time, like the light bulb?

   • an experiment
   • a theory
   • an invention
   • a discovery

   Отговор: an invention

   Invention е изобретение; discovery е откриване на нещо, което вече съществува.

3. Who invented the telephone in 1876?

   • Thomas Edison
   • Alexander Graham Bell
   • Nikola Tesla
   • James Watt

   Отговор: Alexander Graham Bell

   Александър Греъм Бел патентова телефона през 1876 г.

4. Which scientist is famous for the theory of evolution?

   • Isaac Newton
   • Albert Einstein
   • Charles Darwin
   • Galileo Galilei

   Отговор: Charles Darwin

   Дарвин описва еволюцията в 'On the Origin of Species' (1859).

5. Who is famous for the laws of motion and gravity?

   • Galileo Galilei
   • Isaac Newton
   • Marie Curie
   • Louis Pasteur

   Отговор: Isaac Newton

   Нютон формулира законите за движението и закона за всеобщото привличане.

6. Which scientist developed the theory of relativity?

   • Isaac Newton
   • Charles Darwin
   • Albert Einstein
   • Louis Pasteur

   Отговор: Albert Einstein

   Теорията на относителността е на Алберт Айнщайн.

7. Marie Curie is famous for her research on ___.

   • electricity
   • gravity
   • vaccines
   • radioactivity

   Отговор: radioactivity

   Мария Кюри изследва радиоактивността и открива полоний и радий.

8. Who created the World Wide Web in 1989?

   • Steve Jobs
   • Bill Gates
   • Mark Zuckerberg
   • Tim Berners-Lee

   Отговор: Tim Berners-Lee

   Тим Бърнърс-Лий предлага World Wide Web през 1989 г. в CERN.

9. Heating milk to kill bacteria is named after which scientist?

   • Marie Curie
   • Edward Jenner
   • Isaac Newton
   • Louis Pasteur

   Отговор: Louis Pasteur

   Пастьоризацията носи името на Луи Пастьор.

10. Which American scientist with a Bulgarian father built one of the first electronic digital computers?

    • John Atanasoff
    • Nikola Tesla
    • Alan Turing
    • Bill Gates

    Отговор: John Atanasoff

    Джон Атанасов създава компютъра Atanasoff-Berry (ABC) заедно с Клифърд Бери.

11. Edward Jenner developed the first ___ against smallpox.

    • vaccine
    • antibiotic
    • X-ray
    • microscope

    Отговор: vaccine

    Дженър създава ваксината срещу едра шарка през 1796 г.

12. Which astronomer argued in 1543 that the Earth goes around the Sun?

    • Nicolaus Copernicus
    • Ptolemy
    • Aristotle
    • Archimedes

    Отговор: Nicolaus Copernicus

    Коперник описва хелиоцентричната система в труд от 1543 г.

13. In 1953, Watson and Crick described the structure of ___.

    • the atom
    • DNA
    • the cell
    • the solar system

    Отговор: DNA

    Те описват двойната спирала на ДНК.

14. Which scientist used a telescope to observe the moons of Jupiter in 1610?

    • Charles Darwin
    • Albert Einstein
    • Galileo Galilei
    • Alexander Fleming

    Отговор: Galileo Galilei

    Галилей открива четирите големи спътника на Юпитер.

15. Who created the periodic table of elements in 1869?

    • Michael Faraday
    • Dmitri Mendeleev
    • Niels Bohr
    • Antoine Lavoisier

    Отговор: Dmitri Mendeleev

    Дмитрий Менделеев подрежда елементите в периодична таблица през 1869 г.

Страдателен залог

1. English ___ in many countries.

   • is spoken
   • speaks
   • is speaking
   • spoke

   Отговор: is spoken

   Present Simple passive: am/is/are + минало причастие.

2. This cake ___ by my grandmother yesterday.

   • is made
   • makes
   • was made
   • made

   Отговор: was made

   Yesterday изисква Past Simple passive: was made.

3. Bread ___ from flour.

   • makes
   • is making
   • is made
   • made

   Отговор: is made

   Пасив в Present Simple: is made.

4. The Mona Lisa ___ by Leonardo da Vinci.

   • painted
   • was painted
   • is painting
   • has painted

   Отговор: was painted

   Past Simple passive: was/were + минало причастие.

5. Cars ___ in this factory.

   • are produced
   • produce
   • are producing
   • produced

   Отговор: are produced

   Колите не произвеждат, те се произвеждат: are produced.

6. America ___ by Columbus in 1492.

   • discovered
   • is discovered
   • has discovered
   • was discovered

   Отговор: was discovered

   Пасив в Past Simple: was discovered.

7. A new bridge ___ in our town at the moment.

   • is built
   • has built
   • is building
   • is being built

   Отговор: is being built

   Present Continuous passive: is/are + being + причастие.

8. The thief ___ by the police yet.

   • hasn't caught
   • didn't catch
   • isn't catching
   • hasn't been caught

   Отговор: hasn't been caught

   С yet ползваме Present Perfect; крадецът не е хванат: hasn't been caught.

9. The homework must ___ by Friday.

   • be done
   • do
   • been done
   • being done

   Отговор: be done

   Пасив с модален глагол: must + be + трета форма.

10. Thousands of emails ___ since this morning.

    • have sent
    • have been sent
    • were sending
    • are sent

    Отговор: have been sent

    Present Perfect passive: have/has + been + причастие.

11. When I arrived, the room ___.

    • was being cleaned
    • was cleaning
    • has been cleaned
    • is cleaned

    Отговор: was being cleaned

    Past Continuous passive: was/were + being + причастие.

12. Who was 'Hamlet' written ___?

    • from
    • by
    • with
    • of

    Отговор: by

    Извършителят в пасив се въвежда с by.

13. The results ___ next week.

    • will announce
    • will been announced
    • will be announced
    • would announce

    Отговор: will be announced

    Future passive: will + be + минало причастие.

14. Change into the passive: 'Someone has stolen my bike.'

    • My bike has stolen.
    • My bike has been stolen.
    • My bike was being stolen.
    • My bike is stolen by someone.

    Отговор: My bike has been stolen.

    Present Perfect passive; извършителят (someone) се пропуска, защото е неизвестен.

15. Change into the passive: 'They had finished the work before we arrived.'

    • The work was been finished before we arrived.
    • The work had finished before we arrived.
    • The work had been finished before we arrived.
    • The work has been finishing before we arrived.

    Отговор: The work had been finished before we arrived.

    Past Perfect пасив: had been + трета форма.

Дигиталният свят

1. You need a ___ to log in to your account.

   • keyboard
   • password
   • screen
   • printer

   Отговор: password

   Password е паролата за вход.

2. A program you install on your phone is called an ___.

   • app
   • ad
   • icon
   • emoji

   Отговор: app

   App е съкращение от application.

3. You use a ___ like Google to find information on the Internet.

   • keyboard
   • search engine
   • printer
   • speaker

   Отговор: search engine

   Search engine е търсачка.

4. To ___ a file means to copy it from the Internet to your device.

   • download
   • upload
   • delete
   • share

   Отговор: download

   Download е изтегляне; upload е качване.

5. To ___ a video means to watch it online without saving it first.

   • upload
   • stream
   • save
   • print

   Отговор: stream

   Stream означава да гледаш онлайн, докато се зарежда.

6. To ___ a photo means to put it on the Internet so others can see it.

   • download
   • delete
   • upload
   • print

   Отговор: upload

   Upload е качване в интернет, обратното на download.

7. Messages that try to trick you into giving personal information are called ___.

   • streaming
   • browsing
   • phishing
   • posting

   Отговор: phishing

   Phishing са измамни съобщения, които крадат данни.

8. A program that protects your computer from viruses is ___ software.

   • spreadsheet
   • editing
   • antivirus
   • gaming

   Отговор: antivirus

   Антивирусният софтуер пази от зловредни програми.

9. Unwanted emails, usually advertisements, are called ___.

   • links
   • attachments
   • drafts
   • spam

   Отговор: spam

   Spam са нежелани рекламни имейли.

10. Being cruel to someone online is called ___.

    • hacking
    • blogging
    • scrolling
    • cyberbullying

    Отговор: cyberbullying

    Cyberbullying е тормоз в интернет.

11. Your ___ footprint is all the information about you that exists online.

    • carbon
    • personal
    • social
    • digital

    Отговор: digital

    Digital footprint е дигиталният отпечатък, който оставяме онлайн.

12. Which is the strongest password?

    • T7#mK9!qL2
    • 123456
    • password
    • myname2008

    Отговор: T7#mK9!qL2

    Силната парола е дълга и смесва букви, цифри и символи.

13. Which is the best way to protect your account?

    • use 'password123'
    • turn on two-factor authentication
    • use the same password everywhere
    • write your password on your desk

    Отговор: turn on two-factor authentication

    Двуфакторната защита иска втори код, например от телефона.

14. A computer system that can learn and make decisions in a way similar to humans is called ___.

    • virtual reality
    • cloud storage
    • artificial intelligence
    • a search engine

    Отговор: artificial intelligence

    Artificial intelligence (AI) е изкуственият интелект.

15. Keeping your files on servers on the Internet instead of on your own device is called ___ storage.

    • sky
    • cloud
    • air
    • wireless

    Отговор: cloud

    Cloud storage е съхранение в облак.

Бъдещи времена

1. This time tomorrow I ___ on a beach.

   • will be lying
   • will lying
   • will have lie
   • am lie

   Отговор: will be lying

   Future Continuous: will be + -ing за действие в ход в бъдещ момент.

2. Look at those dark clouds! It ___.

   • rains
   • rained
   • is going to rain
   • has rained

   Отговор: is going to rain

   Be going to е за предвиждане по видими признаци.

3. I think it ___ sunny tomorrow.

   • is being
   • will be
   • be
   • being

   Отговор: will be

   Предсказание след I think: will.

4. By 2030, I ___ from university.

   • will graduate
   • will have graduated
   • am graduating
   • graduate

   Отговор: will have graduated

   By + бъдещ момент: Future Perfect (will have + причастие).

5. By Friday, she ___ her project.

   • finishes
   • has finished
   • finished
   • will have finished

   Отговор: will have finished

   By Friday: Future Perfect, действието ще е завършено до петък.

6. I've bought the tickets. We ___ visit Paris next month.

   • will be have
   • going
   • are going to
   • are go

   Отговор: are going to

   Вече решен план: be going to.

7. Don't call me at 8 p.m. I ___ dinner then.

   • will have had
   • have
   • will be having
   • had

   Отговор: will be having

   В 8 ч. вечерята ще е в ход: Future Continuous.

8. At 10 o'clock tomorrow, they ___ over the Atlantic.

   • will be flying
   • will have flown
   • fly
   • flew

   Отговор: will be flying

   Действие в ход в точен бъдещ момент: Future Continuous.

9. Oh, the phone is ringing. I ___ answer it.

   • am going to
   • am
   • have
   • will

   Отговор: will

   Решение в момента на говорене: will ('ll).

10. By the time you arrive, we ___ the house.

    • will be cleaned
    • are cleaning
    • cleaned
    • will have cleaned

    Отговор: will have cleaned

    Действието ще е завършено преди пристигането: Future Perfect.

11. ___ you ___ to the shops later? Could you buy some milk?

    • Will / have gone
    • Will / be going
    • Are / go
    • Do / going

    Отговор: Will / be going

    Will you be going...? е учтив въпрос за планове.

12. By next June, my parents ___ married for 20 years.

    • will have been
    • will be being
    • are
    • will have

    Отговор: will have been

    Future Perfect: will have + трета форма (been).

13. Choose the correct sentence.

    • Will you be use the computer tonight?
    • Will you using the computer tonight?
    • Will you have use the computer tonight?
    • Will you be using the computer tonight? I need it.

    Отговор: Will you be using the computer tonight? I need it.

    Future Continuous се използва за учтив въпрос за чужди планове.

14. By the end of the month, I ___ 500 euros, so I'll buy a new phone.

    • will save
    • am saving
    • will have saved
    • will be saved

    Отговор: will have saved

    До края на месеца сумата ще е събрана: Future Perfect.

15. Which sentence about the future is correct?

    • I'll call you when I will get home.
    • I'll call you when I get home.
    • I call you when I will get home.
    • I'll call you when I'll get home.

    Отговор: I'll call you when I get home.

    След when за бъдеще се използва Present Simple, не will.

Фразови глаголи

1. Please ___ your computer before you leave the room.

   • turn up
   • turn off
   • turn into
   • turn over

   Отговор: turn off

   Turn off означава да изключиш.

2. Please ___ the volume, it's too quiet.

   • turn down
   • turn up
   • turn off
   • turn out

   Отговор: turn up

   Turn up означава да усилиш звука.

3. Please ___ your coat. It's warm in here.

   • put on
   • take off
   • turn on
   • look after

   Отговор: take off

   Take off означава събличам (дреха).

4. I can't find my phone. Can you help me ___ it?

   • look for
   • look after
   • look up
   • look out

   Отговор: look for

   Look for означава да търсиш.

5. My old laptop keeps ___. I need a new one.

   • breaking up
   • breaking in
   • breaking down
   • breaking out

   Отговор: breaking down

   Break down за машина: развалям се, спирам да работя.

6. Can you ___ the TV? I want to watch the news.

   • turn off
   • give up
   • turn on
   • get up

   Отговор: turn on

   Turn on означава включвам.

7. If you don't know a word, ___ it ___ in the dictionary.

   • look / for
   • put / on
   • look / up
   • take / off

   Отговор: look / up

   Look up означава да потърсиш информация в речник или онлайн.

8. You should ___ your files on an external drive.

   • put up
   • set off
   • give up
   • back up

   Отговор: back up

   Back up означава да направиш резервно копие.

9. I've decided to ___ playing video games. I play too much.

   • keep up with
   • get on with
   • look forward to
   • cut down on

   Отговор: cut down on

   Cut down on означава намалявам.

10. Scientists have ___ a new way to recycle plastic.

    • come along
    • come down with
    • come in
    • come up with

    Отговор: come up with

    Come up with означава да измислиш идея или план.

11. It took me hours to ___ my new router.

    • set up
    • set off
    • set out
    • set back

    Отговор: set up

    Set up означава да настроиш или инсталираш устройство.

12. Please ___ this form with your name and address.

    • fill in
    • fill up
    • fill out of
    • fill on

    Отговор: fill in

    Fill in a form означава попълвам формуляр.

13. The meeting was ___ because the manager was ill.

    • called off
    • called up
    • called back
    • called in

    Отговор: called off

    Call off означава да отмениш.

14. My phone's battery is about to ___. I need to charge it.

    • run into
    • run out
    • run over
    • run away

    Отговор: run out

    Run out означава да се изчерпи.

15. Technology changes so fast that it's hard to ___ it.

    • catch on
    • keep up with
    • give in
    • put off

    Отговор: keep up with

    Keep up with означава смогвам, вървя в крак с.

Финален въпрос