Наука и технологии (Science and technology)

Inventions

1. Who invented the telephone?

   • Alexander Graham Bell
   • Isaac Newton
   • Charles Darwin
   • William Shakespeare

   Отговор: Alexander Graham Bell

   Александър Греъм Бел патентова телефона през 1876 г.

2. Which invention gives us light in our homes at night?

   • the wheel
   • the compass
   • the light bulb
   • the bicycle

   Отговор: the light bulb

   Електрическата крушка (light bulb) дава светлина. Едисон създава практична крушка през 1879 г.

3. Which invention do we use to see very small things?

   • a telescope
   • a microscope
   • a compass
   • a camera

   Отговор: a microscope

   Микроскопът увеличава много малки обекти, например клетки.

4. Which word means 'a person who creates something new'?

   • invention
   • inventive
   • inventor
   • invent

   Отговор: inventor

   Inventor е изобретател, invention е изобретение, invent е глагол.

5. Who made the first successful powered aeroplane flight in 1903?

   • the Lumière brothers
   • Marie and Pierre Curie
   • the Wright brothers
   • the Grimm brothers

   Отговор: the Wright brothers

   Братя Райт извършват първия успешен полет със самолет с двигател през 1903 г.

6. Who is famous for the theory of relativity?

   • Albert Einstein
   • Isaac Newton
   • Thomas Edison
   • Charles Darwin

   Отговор: Albert Einstein

   Алберт Айнщайн създава теорията на относителността.

7. Who discovered penicillin in 1928?

   • Thomas Edison
   • Albert Einstein
   • Alexander Fleming
   • Galileo Galilei

   Отговор: Alexander Fleming

   Александър Флеминг открива пеницилина през 1928 г.

8. Johannes Gutenberg is famous for ___.

   • the printing press
   • the telescope
   • the radio
   • the steam engine

   Отговор: the printing press

   Гутенберг създава печатна преса с подвижни букви около 1440 г.

9. Which invention helped sailors find the north?

   • the clock
   • the map
   • the compass
   • the wheel

   Отговор: the compass

   Стрелката на компаса сочи север и помага на моряците да се ориентират.

10. John Atanasoff, a pioneer of the electronic digital computer, had a father who was born in ___.

    • Bulgaria
    • Italy
    • Brazil
    • Japan

    Отговор: Bulgaria

    Бащата на Джон Атанасов е роден в с. Бояджик, България.

11. Who created the World Wide Web?

    • Bill Gates
    • Steve Jobs
    • Mark Zuckerberg
    • Tim Berners-Lee

    Отговор: Tim Berners-Lee

    Тим Бърнърс-Лий предлага World Wide Web през 1989 г.

12. Karl Benz is famous for building one of the first ___.

    • aeroplanes
    • cars
    • trains
    • computers

    Отговор: cars

    Карл Бенц създава един от първите автомобили с двигател с вътрешно горене (1885 г.).

13. Complete: 'You ___ something that existed before, but you ___ something completely new.'

    • invent / discover
    • discover / discover
    • explore / find
    • discover / invent

    Отговор: discover / invent

    Discover е откривам нещо съществуващо (континент, закон), invent е изобретявам ново (машина).

14. Marie Curie is famous for her research on ___.

    • electric cars
    • radioactivity
    • the telephone
    • computer games

    Отговор: radioactivity

    Мария Кюри изследва радиоактивността и открива полоний и радий.

15. Alessandro Volta invented the first ___.

    • radio
    • steam engine
    • light bulb
    • electric battery

    Отговор: electric battery

    Волта създава първата електрическа батерия (волтов стълб) през 1800 г.

Passive voice

1. The telephone ___ by Bell.

   • invented
   • was invented
   • is invent
   • were invented

   Отговор: was invented

   Страдателен залог в минало време: was/were + минало причастие.

2. What is the past participle of 'make'?

   • made
   • maked
   • making
   • makes

   Отговор: made

   Make е неправилен глагол: make, made, made.

3. The windows ___ every week.

   • are cleaned
   • clean
   • cleaning
   • is cleaned

   Отговор: are cleaned

   Подлогът е в множествено число: are + минало причастие.

4. English ___ in many countries.

   • is spoken
   • speaks
   • is speaking
   • are spoken

   Отговор: is spoken

   English е единствено число, сегашно време, страдателен залог: is spoken.

5. Paper ___ from wood.

   • makes
   • is making
   • is made
   • made

   Отговор: is made

   Хартията се прави от дърво: Present Simple Passive, is made.

6. My bike ___ last night.

   • stole
   • was stolen
   • is stealing
   • were stolen

   Отговор: was stolen

   Past Simple Passive: was/were + минало причастие; bike е единствено число.

7. Change into the passive: 'People make cars in this factory.'

   • Cars is made in this factory.
   • Cars were made in this factory.
   • Cars are made in this factory.
   • Cars are make in this factory.

   Отговор: Cars are made in this factory.

   Сегашно време, множествено число: are + made.

8. These photos ___ last summer.

   • was taken
   • are taken
   • took
   • were taken

   Отговор: were taken

   Photos е множествено число, last summer е минало: were taken.

9. The new bridge ___ next year.

   • will build
   • is built
   • will be built
   • was building

   Отговор: will be built

   Бъдеще време в страдателен залог: will be + минало причастие.

10. The Mona Lisa ___ by Leonardo da Vinci.

    • is painted
    • painted
    • has painting
    • was painted

    Отговор: was painted

    Картината е нарисувана в миналото, затова was painted.

11. Change into the passive: 'Millions of people use smartphones.'

    • Smartphones used by millions of people.
    • Smartphones are used by millions of people.
    • Smartphones were use by millions of people.
    • Smartphones is used by millions of people.

    Отговор: Smartphones are used by millions of people.

    Сегашно време, множествено число: are used, а извършителят с by.

12. Which word introduces the doer of the action in a passive sentence?

    • with
    • from
    • of
    • by

    Отговор: by

    Извършителят се въвежда с by: The radio was invented by Marconi.

13. Which sentence is in the Past Simple Passive?

    • Emails are sent every day.
    • The first email was sent in 1971.
    • Ray Tomlinson sent the first email.
    • The emails are being sent now.

    Отговор: The first email was sent in 1971.

    Was sent е минало просто време в страдателен залог. Ray Tomlinson sent... е деятелен залог.

14. Which question is correct?

    • When did the radio invented?
    • When was the radio invented?
    • When was the radio invent?
    • When the radio was invented?

    Отговор: When was the radio invented?

    Във въпрос в страдателен залог was/were стои пред подлога, а глаголът е минало причастие.

15. Change into the passive: 'They didn't invent the computer in the 19th century.'

    • The computer wasn't invented in the 19th century.
    • The computer didn't invented in the 19th century.
    • The computer weren't invented in the 19th century.
    • The computer isn't invented in the 19th century.

    Отговор: The computer wasn't invented in the 19th century.

    Отрицание в Past Simple Passive: wasn't + минало причастие.

Computers and media

1. Which device do you use to type?

   • a mouse
   • a keyboard
   • a speaker
   • a webcam

   Отговор: a keyboard

   С клавиатурата (keyboard) пишем текст.

2. What do you use to click on things on the screen?

   • a keyboard
   • a printer
   • a microphone
   • a mouse

   Отговор: a mouse

   С мишката (mouse) щракаме върху елементи на екрана.

3. Where do you see pictures and text on a computer?

   • on the printer
   • on the speaker
   • on the screen
   • on the keyboard

   Отговор: on the screen

   Екранът (screen) показва образа и текста.

4. To ___ a file from the internet means to copy it to your computer.

   • upload
   • delete
   • log out
   • download

   Отговор: download

   Download означава „изтеглям“ от интернет към устройството.

5. When you ___, you enter your username and password.

   • log in
   • log out
   • shut down
   • print

   Отговор: log in

   Log in означава „влизам в профил“.

6. To copy a file from your computer onto the internet is to ___ it.

   • download
   • upload
   • delete
   • print

   Отговор: upload

   Upload означава да качиш файл в интернет, а download да го изтеглиш.

7. A message or photo that you share on social media is called a ___.

   • post
   • printer
   • password
   • browser

   Отговор: post

   Post е публикация в социална мрежа.

8. A small picture that shows feelings in a message is called an ___.

   • email
   • app
   • emoji
   • update

   Отговор: emoji

   Emoji е малка картинка, която показва емоция.

9. A program that you install on a smartphone is called a/an ___.

   • app
   • icon
   • email
   • site

   Отговор: app

   App е съкращение от application (приложение).

10. Read: 'I share photos with my followers every day.' What does 'followers' mean here?

    • people who walk behind you
    • your teachers
    • people who see your posts
    • computer viruses

    Отговор: people who see your posts

    Followers в социалните мрежи са хората, които следят профила ти.

11. Read: 'My tablet's battery is low, so I need to charge it.' What does 'charge' mean here?

    • pay money
    • attack
    • fill with electricity
    • clean

    Отговор: fill with electricity

    Charge a battery означава да заредиш батерията.

12. Read: 'The video went viral and got two million views in a day.' What does 'went viral' mean?

    • was deleted
    • got a computer virus
    • spread very quickly online
    • was very short

    Отговор: spread very quickly online

    Go viral означава бързо да се разпространи в интернет.

13. Which sentence is correct?

    • I am on social media since two hours.
    • I have been on social media since two hours.
    • I have been on social media for two hours.
    • I was on social media for two hours ago.

    Отговор: I have been on social media for two hours.

    For се използва с период от време (two hours), а since с начален момент.

14. Which sentence about teenagers is correct?

    • Many teenagers spend too much time on their phones.
    • Many teenager spends too much time on their phones.
    • Much teenagers spend too many time on their phones.
    • Many teenagers spends too much time on their phones.

    Отговор: Many teenagers spend too much time on their phones.

    Teenagers е броимо (many), time е неброимо (much), глаголът е spend без -s.

15. Which sentence with 'just' is correct?

    • I've sent you the link yesterday.
    • I just have sent you the link.
    • I've just send you the link.
    • I've just sent you the link.

    Отговор: I've just sent you the link.

    Just стои между have и миналото причастие; с yesterday не се ползва Present Perfect.

Online safety

1. Which is the strongest password?

   • Tr8#kL2!pQ
   • 123456
   • password
   • myname

   Отговор: Tr8#kL2!pQ

   Силната парола е дълга и съдържа малки и главни букви, цифри и символи.

2. What should you do if a stranger online asks to meet you?

   • Go alone.
   • Send your photo.
   • Keep it secret.
   • Tell a parent or a teacher.

   Отговор: Tell a parent or a teacher.

   Винаги казвай на възрастен, на когото имаш доверие.

3. What should you do before you leave a shared computer?

   • log out
   • turn up the volume
   • save your password
   • open a new tab

   Отговор: log out

   Ако не излезеш от профила си, следващият човек може да го използва.

4. Should you share your home address with a stranger online?

   • Yes, always.
   • Yes, if they ask nicely.
   • Only on social media.
   • No, never.

   Отговор: No, never.

   Личната информация, като адреса, не се споделя с непознати.

5. Which information is private?

   • the name of your favourite film
   • your password
   • the weather today
   • the capital of France

   Отговор: your password

   Паролата е лична информация и не се споделя.

6. How often should you share your password with friends?

   • always
   • never
   • sometimes
   • every day

   Отговор: never

   Паролата е лична и не се казва дори на приятели.

7. Someone sends you unkind messages again and again online. This is called ___.

   • spam
   • cyberbullying
   • streaming
   • gaming

   Отговор: cyberbullying

   Cyberbullying е тормоз в интернет.

8. A program that protects your computer from viruses is called ___.

   • antivirus software
   • a spreadsheet
   • a screensaver
   • a printer driver

   Отговор: antivirus software

   Антивирусната програма открива и спира вируси.

9. Which privacy setting is best for your social media profile?

   • public
   • open to everyone
   • visible to strangers
   • private

   Отговор: private

   При частен профил публикациите ти виждат само хората, които си одобрил.

10. An email says: 'You won a phone! Click here and enter your bank details.' What is it probably?

    • a phishing scam
    • a school newsletter
    • a software update
    • a birthday invitation

    Отговор: a phishing scam

    Phishing е измама, която се опитва да открадне лични данни.

11. Which is the safest choice when you use public Wi-Fi?

    • Share your location with everyone.
    • Turn off your screen lock.
    • Don't enter bank details or passwords.
    • Use the same password everywhere.

    Отговор: Don't enter bank details or passwords.

    Обществената Wi-Fi мрежа може да не е защитена, затова не въвеждаме важни данни.

12. Read: 'Never use the same password for all your accounts.' Why is this good advice?

    • It's easier to remember.
    • If someone steals it, all your accounts are in danger.
    • Websites don't allow it.
    • Passwords must be short.

    Отговор: If someone steals it, all your accounts are in danger.

    С една открадната парола могат да влязат във всичките ти профили.

13. Which piece of advice is correct?

    • You should give your password to your best friend.
    • You should accept every friend request.
    • You shouldn't click on links from people you don't know.
    • You mustn't log out on a public computer.

    Отговор: You shouldn't click on links from people you don't know.

    Връзки от непознати може да са опасни, затова не ги отваряме.

14. Read: 'Think before you post: a photo on the internet can stay there forever.' What is the main message?

    • Post as many photos as you can.
    • Photos on the internet disappear after a day.
    • Never take photos.
    • Be careful what you share online.

    Отговор: Be careful what you share online.

    Основната идея е да внимаваме какво публикуваме, защото то може да остане завинаги.

15. What is two-factor authentication?

    • You use two different browsers.
    • You change your password twice a year.
    • You enter your password and then a code sent to your phone.
    • You log in on two devices at the same time.

    Отговор: You enter your password and then a code sent to your phone.

    Двуфакторното удостоверяване добавя втора стъпка, например код по телефона.

Relative clauses

1. A doctor is a person ___ helps sick people.

   • which
   • where
   • what
   • who

   Отговор: who

   За хора използваме who.

2. A cat is an animal ___ says 'meow'.

   • who
   • which
   • where
   • whose

   Отговор: which

   За животни и предмети използваме which (или that).

3. Which relative pronoun do we use for people?

   • who
   • which
   • where
   • when

   Отговор: who

   Who се използва за хора, which за предмети и животни.

4. This is the phone ___ I bought yesterday.

   • who
   • which
   • where
   • whose

   Отговор: which

   За предмети използваме which (или that).

5. That's the man ___ fixed my computer.

   • which
   • who
   • where
   • when

   Отговор: who

   Man е човек, затова who.

6. Summer is the season ___ we go to the seaside.

   • where
   • when
   • which
   • who

   Отговор: when

   When въвежда подчинено изречение за време.

7. A museum is a place ___ you can see old objects.

   • who
   • where
   • which
   • whose

   Отговор: where

   За място, където се случва нещо, използваме where.

8. That's the boy ___ phone was stolen.

   • who
   • which
   • where
   • whose

   Отговор: whose

   Whose показва принадлежност: чийто телефон.

9. I know a shop ___ sells old computers.

   • where
   • who
   • which
   • whose

   Отговор: which

   Магазинът е подлог на sells, затова е which (или that); where не може да е подлог.

10. Which word can replace 'who' in: 'The girl who won the prize is my sister'?

    • what
    • where
    • whose
    • that

    Отговор: that

    That може да замести who или which в определителни подчинени изречения.

11. Which sentence about the laptop is correct?

    • The laptop that I bought is very fast.
    • The laptop who I bought is very fast.
    • The laptop where I bought is very fast.
    • The laptop what I bought is very fast.

    Отговор: The laptop that I bought is very fast.

    За предмети използваме that или which.

12. In which sentence can we leave out the relative pronoun?

    • The man who lives here is a pilot.
    • This is the book that I read.
    • The dog which bit me was big.
    • The girl who sings is my friend.

    Отговор: This is the book that I read.

    Можем да изпуснем who/which/that, когато е допълнение: This is the book I read.

13. Choose the correct sentence.

    • The scientist who invented this machine was French.
    • The scientist which invented this machine was French.
    • The scientist who he invented this machine was French.
    • The scientist what invented this machine was French.

    Отговор: The scientist who invented this machine was French.

    За хора използваме who и не повтаряме местоимението he.

14. Join the sentences: 'This is a robot. It can clean the floor.'

    • This is a robot who can clean the floor.
    • This is a robot which it can clean the floor.
    • This is a robot which can clean the floor.
    • This is a robot where can clean the floor.

    Отговор: This is a robot which can clean the floor.

    Which заменя it, затова it отпада. За предмет използваме which.

15. The robot, ___ was made in Japan, can talk.

    • that
    • who
    • where
    • which

    Отговор: which

    В пояснително изречение със запетаи не се ползва that, а which.

Финален въпрос