Английски език 10 клас: тренировъчен тест за НВО 2

Модални глаголи за предположение

1. He's been working all day. He ___ be exhausted.

   • can't
   • mustn't
   • must
   • needn't

   Отговор: must

   „Must“ изразява силно логическо предположение, че нещо е вярно.

2. That ___ be Tom. He's in London this week.

   • can't
   • must
   • mustn't
   • should

   Отговор: can't

   „Can't“ изразява логическа невъзможност: не е възможно да е Том.

3. She didn't answer the phone. She ___ have been asleep.

   • can
   • must to
   • should to
   • might

   Отговор: might

   „Might have + трета форма“ изразява възможно предположение за миналото.

4. You ___ have told me! I would have helped you.

   • must
   • should
   • can
   • would

   Отговор: should

   „Should have + трета форма“ изразява упрек: трябваше да ми кажеш, но не си.

5. The streets are wet. It ___ have rained last night.

   • can't
   • must
   • should
   • needn't

   Отговор: must

   Мокрите улици са доказателство, затова правим сигурен извод за миналото: must have rained.

Относителни изречения

1. The man ___ car was stolen called the police.

   • who
   • which
   • whom
   • whose

   Отговор: whose

   „Whose“ изразява притежание: мъжът, чиято кола беше открадната.

2. My sister, ___ lives in Canada, is a nurse.

   • who
   • that
   • which
   • whose

   Отговор: who

   В неопределително относително изречение (със запетаи) не се използва „that“. За хора е „who“.

3. This is the year ___ I finished school.

   • where
   • which
   • when
   • who

   Отговор: when

   За време (the year) използваме „when“.

4. The book ___ I'm reading is very interesting.

   • who
   • whose
   • where
   • that

   Отговор: that

   За предмети в определително изречение използваме „that“ или „which“.

5. He passed all his exams, ___ surprised everyone.

   • that
   • which
   • what
   • who

   Отговор: which

   „Which“ след запетая може да се отнася за цялото предходно изречение.

Времена: преговор

1. By the time we arrived, the film ___.

   • has already started
   • already starts
   • had already started
   • will already start

   Отговор: had already started

   Действие, завършило преди друго минало действие, е в Past Perfect: had + трета форма.

2. I ___ for two hours when she finally arrived.

   • had been waiting
   • have been waiting
   • am waiting
   • wait

   Отговор: had been waiting

   Продължително действие до определен минал момент: Past Perfect Continuous.

3. This time tomorrow, I ___ on a beach.

   • will be lying
   • lie
   • lay
   • have lain

   Отговор: will be lying

   Действие в процес в определен бъдещ момент: Future Continuous (will be + -ing).

4. By 2030, scientists ___ a cure for this disease.

   • have found
   • found
   • will have found
   • are finding

   Отговор: will have found

   „By + бъдещ момент“ показва действие, завършено преди него: Future Perfect (will have + трета форма).

5. He ___ to the gym twice a week, but this week he ___ at home.

   • is going / stays
   • goes / is staying
   • goes / stays
   • went / is stay

   Отговор: goes / is staying

   Навикът е в Present Simple (goes), а временното положение „this week“ е в Present Continuous (is staying).

Четене с разбиране

1. Read: "The museum offers free entry on the first Sunday of every month." When can you visit without paying?

   • Every Sunday
   • Every day
   • On the first day of every month
   • Once a month, on a Sunday

   Отговор: Once a month, on a Sunday

   Безплатно е само в първата неделя на всеки месец, тоест веднъж месечно.

2. Read: "Volunteers are needed to help at the animal shelter. No previous experience is necessary." Who can apply?

   • Only vets
   • Anyone who wants to help
   • Only people with experience
   • Only people who own pets

   Отговор: Anyone who wants to help

   „No previous experience is necessary“ означава, че не е нужен опит, тоест всеки може да кандидатства.

3. Read: "The new smartphone is lighter than the previous model, but its battery life is shorter." What is a disadvantage of the new model?

   • Its battery doesn't last as long.
   • It is heavier.
   • It is more expensive.
   • It has a smaller screen.

   Отговор: Its battery doesn't last as long.

   „Battery life is shorter“ означава, че батерията издържа по-малко. Новият модел е по-лек, не по-тежък.

4. Read: "Tom was supposed to submit his essay on Friday, but he asked for an extension." What did Tom do?

   • He submitted it early.
   • He forgot about the essay.
   • He submitted it on Friday.
   • He asked for more time.

   Отговор: He asked for more time.

   „Extension“ тук означава удължаване на срока, тоест Том е поискал повече време.

5. Read: "Not only did the team win the match, but they also broke the national record." What does it mean?

   • The team won but didn't break the record.
   • The team lost but broke the record.
   • The team won and set a new record.
   • The team didn't win.

   Отговор: The team won and set a new record.

   „Not only ... but also“ означава „не само ..., но и“: отборът е спечелил и е подобрил рекорда.

Словообразуване

1. Her ___ to the problem was very creative.

   • solve
   • solving
   • solution
   • solved

   Отговор: solution

   След „her“ е нужно съществително. От „solve“ (решавам) съществителното е „solution“ (решение).

2. It's ___ to drive without a licence.

   • unlegal
   • inlegal
   • dislegal
   • illegal

   Отговор: illegal

   Пред думи, започващи с „l“, отрицателната представка е „il-“: legal, illegal.

3. The ___ of the city has grown fast.

   • population
   • popular
   • populate
   • popularity

   Отговор: population

   „Population“ означава население. „Popularity“ означава популярност и не пасва по смисъл.

4. He spoke very ___, so everyone understood him.

   • clear
   • clearly
   • clearness
   • unclear

   Отговор: clearly

   Глаголът „spoke“ се пояснява с наречие: clear, clearly.

5. The ___ of the new bridge took three years.

   • constructive
   • constructor
   • construct
   • construction

   Отговор: construction

   След „the“ и пред „of“ е нужно съществително за процеса: construction (строеж).

Финален въпрос