Бъдещето и кариерата

Планове след училище

1. A year when young people travel or work before starting university is a/an ___ year.

   • gap
   • free
   • empty
   • holiday

   Отговор: gap

   Gap year е година почивка между училището и университета.

2. At the end of 12th grade, Bulgarian students take state ___ exams.

   • entrance
   • driving
   • matriculation
   • medical

   Отговор: matriculation

   Държавните зрелостни изпити (ДЗИ) на английски са state matriculation exams.

3. A school for students aged 18+ that gives degrees is a/an ___.

   • kindergarten
   • nursery
   • university
   • primary school

   Отговор: university

   Университетът дава висше образование и степени след средното училище.

4. A student who is studying for a first degree at university is a/an ___.

   • graduate
   • undergraduate
   • postgraduate
   • professor

   Отговор: undergraduate

   Undergraduate е студент в бакалавърска степен.

5. Money given to a student to help pay for their studies is a ___.

   • salary
   • fine
   • fee
   • scholarship

   Отговор: scholarship

   Scholarship е стипендия.

6. The main subject you study at university is your ___.

   • major
   • hobby
   • club
   • break

   Отговор: major

   Major е основната специалност в университета.

7. To ___ for a university place, you usually fill in a form and send documents.

   • appeal
   • apologise
   • apply
   • approve

   Отговор: apply

   Apply for означава кандидатствам за.

8. To ___ means to officially register on a course.

   • enrol
   • retire
   • resign
   • graduate

   Отговор: enrol

   Enrol означава записвам се (официално) в курс или университет.

9. A student who has already finished a university degree is a ___.

   • freshman
   • pupil
   • trainee
   • graduate

   Отговор: graduate

   Graduate е човек, който вече е завършил висше образование.

10. A period of practical work in a company, especially for students, is a/an ___.

    • membership
    • partnership
    • friendship
    • internship

    Отговор: internship

    Internship е стаж.

11. A university's main departments, such as Law or Medicine, are called ___.

    • factories
    • faculties
    • facilities
    • facts

    Отговор: faculties

    Faculty е факултет.

12. To ___ a career in law means to choose it and work towards it.

    • chase away
    • pursue
    • drop out
    • give up

    Отговор: pursue

    Pursue a career: да преследваш (да развиваш) кариера в дадена област.

13. Which verb means 'to complete a university degree successfully'?

    • graduate
    • drop out
    • fail
    • enrol

    Отговор: graduate

    Graduate означава завършвам (висше образование).

14. 'I'm torn between studying abroad and staying at home.' This means the speaker ___.

    • has already decided to stay
    • has hurt himself
    • can't decide between two options
    • doesn't want either option

    Отговор: can't decide between two options

    To be torn between означава да се колебаеш между две възможности.

15. 'I'm going to take a year out to weigh up my options.' Here 'weigh up' means ___.

    • measure my weight
    • ignore completely
    • think carefully about
    • write down quickly

    Отговор: think carefully about

    Weigh up означава внимателно да обмислиш предимствата и недостатъците.

Бъдещи времена

1. Look at those dark clouds! It ___ rain.

   • will have
   • is going to
   • rains
   • has

   Отговор: is going to

   Going to се използва за предвиждане въз основа на видими признаци.

2. A: The phone is ringing. B: I ___ answer it.

   • answered
   • have answered
   • was answering
   • will

   Отговор: will

   Will се използва за спонтанно решение в момента на говорене.

3. I think it ___ sunny tomorrow.

   • is being
   • will be
   • be
   • has been

   Отговор: will be

   За предвиждане въз основа на мнение (I think) се използва will.

4. I've decided. I ___ study medicine.

   • would
   • have
   • am going to
   • was

   Отговор: am going to

   Going to изразява вече взето решение или намерение.

5. We ___ our grandparents on Sunday. We've already bought the tickets.

   • are visiting
   • visit
   • visited
   • would visit

   Отговор: are visiting

   Present Continuous за уговорени планове в бъдещето.

6. Don't worry, I promise I ___ tell anyone your secret.

   • am not
   • am not going
   • don't
   • won't

   Отговор: won't

   Обещанията се изразяват с will / won't.

7. The train ___ at 7:45 tomorrow morning.

   • leave
   • left
   • has left
   • leaves

   Отговор: leaves

   Present Simple се използва за разписания, дори когато става дума за бъдещето.

8. By 2030, scientists ___ a cure for many diseases.

   • have found
   • will have found
   • are finding
   • had found

   Отговор: will have found

   By + бъдещ момент: Future Perfect (will have + V3).

9. Shall I open the window? Here 'shall' is used to ___.

   • make an offer
   • give an order
   • talk about the past
   • express a fact

   Отговор: make an offer

   Shall I...? е предложение за помощ.

10. This time next week, I ___ on a beach in Greece.

    • will be lying
    • lay
    • am lain
    • have lain

    Отговор: will be lying

    Future Continuous (will be + -ing) за действие в процес в определен момент в бъдещето.

11. Hurry up! The concert is ___ start.

    • about
    • going
    • about to
    • near to

    Отговор: about to

    Be about to означава 'всеки момент ще'.

12. I ___ my driving test next Friday, so I'm practising every day.

    • took
    • will have taken
    • am taking
    • have taken

    Отговор: am taking

    Уговорено бъдещо събитие с конкретна дата: Present Continuous.

13. By the time you graduate, I ___ for this company for ten years.

    • will work
    • will have been working
    • am working
    • have worked

    Отговор: will have been working

    Future Perfect Continuous подчертава продължителност до момент в бъдещето.

14. Which sentence is correct?

    • I'll call you when I will get home.
    • I call you when I will get home.
    • I'll calling you when I get home.
    • I'll call you when I get home.

    Отговор: I'll call you when I get home.

    В подчинени изречения за време (when, after, as soon as) за бъдеще се използва Present Simple, не will.

15. Which sentence uses 'be due to' correctly?

    • The plane is due land at six.
    • The plane due to land at six.
    • The plane is due landing at six.
    • The plane is due to land at six.

    Отговор: The plane is due to land at six.

    Be due to + инфинитив изразява нещо, което е планирано или очаквано.

Пазарът на труда

1. A person who has no job is ___.

   • employed
   • an employer
   • unemployed
   • an employee

   Отговор: unemployed

   Unemployed означава безработен.

2. A meeting where an employer asks you questions about a job is an ___.

   • interview
   • internship
   • inspection
   • invitation

   Отговор: interview

   Job interview е интервю за работа.

3. The person who pays you to work is your ___.

   • employee
   • colleague
   • customer
   • employer

   Отговор: employer

   Employer е работодателят, employee е служителят.

4. The money you earn every month for your job is your ___.

   • fare
   • change
   • budget
   • salary

   Отговор: salary

   Salary е месечна заплата.

5. A person who works for themselves, not for an employer, is ___.

   • unemployed
   • self-employed
   • retired
   • promoted

   Отговор: self-employed

   Self-employed означава самонает, работи за себе си.

6. People you work with in the same company are your ___.

   • neighbours
   • colleagues
   • relatives
   • clients

   Отговор: colleagues

   Colleagues са колегите в работата.

7. A document listing your education, skills and work experience is a ___.

   • CV
   • receipt
   • contract
   • timetable

   Отговор: CV

   CV (curriculum vitae) е автобиография.

8. When you move to a higher position at work, you get a ___.

   • demotion
   • resignation
   • promotion
   • retirement

   Отговор: promotion

   Promotion е повишение.

9. When a company makes you leave your job because there's no work, you are made ___.

   • retired
   • responsible
   • redundant
   • reliable

   Отговор: redundant

   Be made redundant: да бъдеш съкратен поради липса на работа.

10. Working fewer hours than a full-time job is ___ work.

    • overtime
    • part-time
    • full-time
    • night-shift

    Отговор: part-time

    Part-time означава непълно работно време.

11. To ___ means to leave your job by your own decision.

    • fire
    • hire
    • sack
    • resign

    Отговор: resign

    Resign означава подавам оставка.

12. A person's ___ is the series of jobs they have during their working life.

    • career
    • carrier
    • course
    • contract

    Отговор: career

    Career е професионалният път; carrier е превозвач.

13. Skills like communication, teamwork and time management are called ___ skills.

    • hard
    • technical
    • soft
    • digital

    Отговор: soft

    Soft skills са личните и социалните умения.

14. Which word means extra benefits of a job, such as a company car or free lunch?

    • perks
    • wages
    • taxes
    • deadlines

    Отговор: perks

    Perks са допълнителни придобивки към заплатата.

15. The 'gig economy' refers to work that is ___.

    • only for musicians
    • short-term and freelance, often through apps
    • full-time and permanent
    • done by robots

    Отговор: short-term and freelance, often through apps

    Gig economy: временни, свободни поръчки, често чрез приложения (напр. доставки).

Учене цял живот

1. Learning that continues throughout a person's life is ___ learning.

   • lifeless
   • lifelike
   • lifeguard
   • lifelong

   Отговор: lifelong

   Lifelong learning е учене през целия живот.

2. A document showing that you have completed a course is a ___.

   • receipt
   • certificate
   • ticket
   • passport

   Отговор: certificate

   Certificate е сертификат, удостоверение.

3. A person who teaches you a skill and gives you advice at work is a ___.

   • mentor
   • patient
   • tenant
   • rival

   Отговор: mentor

   Mentor е опитен човек, който напътства по-млад колега.

4. A course you take on the internet is an ___ course.

   • online
   • offline
   • overhead
   • outdoor

   Отговор: online

   Online course е онлайн курс.

5. Learning on your own, planning what and how to study, is ___ learning.

   • teacher-led
   • classroom
   • self-directed
   • group

   Отговор: self-directed

   Self-directed learning е самостоятелно учене.

6. Classes for adults, often in the evening, are called adult ___.

   • exams
   • kindergarten
   • education
   • holidays

   Отговор: education

   Adult education е образование за възрастни.

7. A short session where people learn and practise a specific skill together is a ___.

   • workplace
   • workshop
   • workload
   • workforce

   Отговор: workshop

   Workshop е практическо занимание, уъркшоп.

8. Free online courses that are open to anyone are often called ___.

   • PDFs
   • URLs
   • CVs
   • MOOCs

   Отговор: MOOCs

   MOOC означава Massive Open Online Course.

9. To ___ means to study a subject again before an exam.

   • refuse
   • revise
   • remind
   • replace

   Отговор: revise

   В британския английски revise значи да преговаряш материал.

10. Training for a new type of job is called ___.

    • rehearsing
    • recycling
    • retraining
    • recruiting

    Отговор: retraining

    Retraining е преквалификация.

11. Choose the correct form: It's never too late ___ a new language.

    • to learn
    • learning
    • learn
    • for learning

    Отговор: to learn

    It's never too late + инфинитив с to.

12. If you 'pick up' a language, you ___.

    • forget it
    • translate it
    • teach it at school
    • learn it without formal study

    Отговор: learn it without formal study

    Pick up a language: да научиш език неусетно, без специални курсове.

13. 'Upskilling' means ___.

    • leaving your job
    • moving to a higher floor
    • teaching young children
    • learning new skills to do your current job better

    Отговор: learning new skills to do your current job better

    Upskilling е повишаване на квалификацията в настоящата работа.

14. Which phrase means 'to learn the latest information in your field'?

    • fall behind
    • keep up to date
    • give up
    • drop out

    Отговор: keep up to date

    Keep up to date означава да си в крак с новостите.

15. Learning by doing real tasks, not only by reading, is ___ learning.

    • experiential
    • theoretical
    • passive
    • silent

    Отговор: experiential

    Experiential learning е учене чрез опит и практика.

Мотивационно писмо

1. A cover letter is usually sent together with a ___.

   • CV
   • postcard
   • wedding invitation
   • recipe

   Отговор: CV

   Мотивационното писмо придружава автобиографията (CV).

2. In a cover letter you should mainly explain ___.

   • your favourite film
   • your weekend plans
   • why you are suitable for the job
   • your friends' names

   Отговор: why you are suitable for the job

   Писмото обяснява защо си подходящ за позицията.

3. A cover letter should be short: usually no more than ___.

   • five pages
   • ten pages
   • one page
   • one line

   Отговор: one page

   Обичайно мотивационното писмо е до една страница.

4. How do you begin a formal letter if you don't know the person's name?

   • Hi mate,
   • Dear Sir or Madam,
   • Dear Friend,
   • Hello you,

   Отговор: Dear Sir or Madam,

   Dear Sir or Madam е официалното обръщение, когато не знаем името.

5. Which word is too informal for a cover letter?

   • experienced
   • reliable
   • motivated
   • awesome

   Отговор: awesome

   Awesome е разговорна дума, неподходяща за официално писмо.

6. Which ending goes with 'Dear Sir or Madam,' in British English?

   • Yours sincerely,
   • Cheers,
   • Love,
   • Yours faithfully,

   Отговор: Yours faithfully,

   Когато не знаеш името, завършваш с Yours faithfully.

7. In British English, which ending goes with 'Dear Ms Smith,'?

   • Yours faithfully,
   • Lots of love,
   • Yours sincerely,
   • Cheers,

   Отговор: Yours sincerely,

   Когато знаем името, в британския английски завършваме с Yours sincerely.

8. Choose the correct preposition: I have experience ___ customer service.

   • in
   • on
   • at
   • of

   Отговор: in

   Experience in + област.

9. Which word is the most formal way to say 'get'?

   • grab
   • obtain
   • pick
   • snag

   Отговор: obtain

   Obtain е официалният синоним на get.

10. Which sentence is best for the opening paragraph?

    • I want that job, give it to me.
    • Hey, I saw your ad lol.
    • Do you need someone? Maybe me?
    • I am writing to apply for the position of junior web developer.

    Отговор: I am writing to apply for the position of junior web developer.

    Първият абзац посочва официално за коя позиция кандидатстваш.

11. I would welcome the opportunity ___ my skills at an interview.

    • discussing
    • to discuss
    • for discuss
    • to discussing

    Отговор: to discuss

    Opportunity to + основна форма на глагола.

12. Complete: 'I am particularly interested ___ this position because...'

    • in
    • at
    • on
    • for

    Отговор: in

    Interested in е правилната предлог-връзка.

13. Choose the most formal sentence for the end of a cover letter.

    • I look forward to hearing from you.
    • Write back soon!
    • Can't wait to hear from you!
    • See ya!

    Отговор: I look forward to hearing from you.

    I look forward to hearing from you е стандартен официален завършек. След to следва -ing.

14. Which phrase best tells the reader that your CV is included?

    • Here's my CV, take a look.
    • My CV is somewhere below, I think.
    • Please find attached my CV.
    • Attached CV is mine.

    Отговор: Please find attached my CV.

    Please find attached... е стандартна официална фраза.

15. Which sentence best shows your achievements in a cover letter?

    • I did a lot of things at my last job.
    • I was quite OK at sales.
    • I increased the shop's online sales by 20% in one year.
    • Sales are important, I think.

    Отговор: I increased the shop's online sales by 20% in one year.

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